Growth Hormone
CJC-1295 w/o DAC
Also known as Modified GRF (1-29), Mod GRF 1-29, Tetrasubstituted GRF(1-29), CJC-1295 DAC-free, ModGRF
The short-acting version of a growth hormone-releasing hormone analogue, sold without the albumin-binding handle that makes the original last for days — and with no published human trial of its own.
How it works
GHRH analog without Drug Affinity Complex — provides a sharper, more natural GH pulse without prolonged elevation.
Performance edge
Preferred for those wanting precise GH timing without DAC-related desensitization.
Plain-English guide
CJC-1295 w/o DAC, without the jargon
What it is
This is a laboratory copy of the first 29 amino acids of growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH), the message your brain sends to the pituitary gland telling it to release growth hormone, with a handful of amino acids swapped out so that blood enzymes cannot chew it up as fast. The name is a piece of market shorthand rather than chemistry. The compound actually called CJC-1295 in the published literature carries an extra chemical hook, the drug affinity complex (DAC), that clamps it onto albumin in your blood so it keeps working for roughly a week. Strip that hook off and you are left with the peptide sold here, which the scientific literature calls modified growth hormone-releasing factor, written GRF (1-29), or tetrasubstituted GRF(1-29), and which clears in a matter of hours instead. It is not growth hormone, and it does not contain any. It is a request sent to your own pituitary, so it only does anything if that gland still works.
What people use it for
- Raising your own growth hormone and insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) without injecting growth hormone itself
- Timing a single growth hormone pulse to land at a chosen moment, usually the start of deep sleep
- Body composition goals — less fat, more lean mass — over months rather than weeks
- Recovery from hard training and general wear and tear
- Pairing with a ghrelin-mimetic such as ipamorelin, on the theory that hitting two receptors beats hitting one
- Age-related decline in growth hormone output, which is a clinic-marketing use rather than an approved one
How it works, simply
Picture your pituitary as a water tower with a release valve that opens in bursts through the night. Native GHRH is a hand that squeezes that valve, but it is snipped in half by an enzyme in your blood within a couple of minutes. This peptide is the same hand wearing a glove that the enzyme cannot cut, so the squeeze lasts long enough to matter. Attach the DAC hook and the hand gets tied to the lever for a week; leave it off, as here, and the hand lets go after an hour or two, which is the whole point of the DAC-free version.
What to expect, and when
- First 2 hoursThis is the only window with a measured shape. In the nearest human trial of a modified GRF(1-29) analogue, a nightly injection produced a growth hormone release that began within 10 minutes and lasted about two hours (Khorram et al., 1997). Nothing has been published on the exact peptide sold as CJC-1295 without DAC.
- Week 1-2Blood chemistry moves before anything else does. In that same trial, IGF-1 and its binding protein IGFBP-3 were already elevated within two weeks of nightly dosing.
- Week 4-8If anything visible happens, this is the earliest it would show. No published study has tracked body composition on this peptide, so there is no number to quote here.
- Month 3+Over 16 weeks of nightly dosing with a related GHRH(1-29) analogue, skin thickness rose in both sexes and lean body mass rose in men only, with no lean-mass change in women (Khorram et al., 1997). That was a different molecule, so treat it as the nearest map rather than the territory.
- Post-cycleThe DAC-free peptide clears within hours rather than days, so the drive on the pituitary stops quickly after the last injection. Whether IGF-1 settles back to where it started has not been tracked for this compound.
Side effects and interactions
- Injection site reactions — redness, itching, a small welt — reported as the main complaint in the CJC-1295 human dose-ranging work.
- Flushing and a brief warm feeling shortly after dosing, which is the classic GHRH reaction.
- Transient hyperlipidaemia, the only adverse effect recorded in the 16-week nightly trial of a related GHRH(1-29) analogue, and it resolved by the end of the study (Khorram et al., 1997).
- The FDA's compounding record for CJC-1295 states that the agency identified serious adverse events including increased heart rate and a systemic vasodilatory reaction.
- Water retention, puffy hands or feet, and joint or wrist aching. These come with pushing growth hormone and IGF-1 up and are described in the 2026 review of GH-axis performance peptides as fluid retention syndromes and myalgia or arthralgia.
- Dysglycaemia — drifting fasting glucose and reduced insulin sensitivity — is listed among the reported effects of this class in that same review. Note that the 16-week analogue trial found the opposite in men, where insulin sensitivity improved, so the direction is not settled.
- Because this peptide is sold as a research chemical rather than a medicine, impurity and sterility problems are a live risk on top of the pharmacology. The FDA's record flags peptide-related impurities and immunogenicity for certain routes of administration.
Who should avoid it
- You are pregnant, trying to conceive, or breastfeeding. There is no human safety data for this peptide in pregnancy, and none for the DAC version either.
- You have an active cancer or a personal history of one. Growth hormone and IGF-1 are growth signals, and deliberately raising them in that setting is not something the literature supports.
- You have diabetes, prediabetes, or diabetic retinopathy, because sustained growth hormone elevation can work against insulin sensitivity.
- You have an untreated pituitary lesion, or a diagnosis of acromegaly.
- You are a child or adolescent with open growth plates, unless an endocrinologist is directing it.
- You are an athlete subject to drug testing. GHRH analogues are prohibited at all times under section S2 of the World Anti-Doping Agency Prohibited List, and assays that detect them in urine and plasma are already published and validated.
- You are not working with a physician who can order IGF-1, fasting glucose and HbA1c before and during use.
Common mistakes
- Assuming it is the same molecule as the CJC-1295 in the published trials. It is not. Every half-life figure, every growth hormone fold-change and every safety statement in that literature comes from the DAC version, which lasts about a week; this one lasts hours.
- Dosing after a meal. Carbohydrate and the insulin response to it blunt the growth hormone pulse, which is why the cheatsheet timing is before sleep rather than after dinner.
- Dosing once a day and expecting the DAC version's continuous elevation. A peptide with a short half-life gives you one pulse per injection, and once-daily was specifically the schedule that worked for the long-acting form in animal work.
- Reconstituting badly. Use bacteriostatic water, aim the stream at the glass wall rather than straight at the powder, and swirl instead of shaking. Peptides in solution are fragile.
- Storing the mixed vial in the fridge door, where the temperature swings every time it opens, or leaving it at room temperature between doses.
- Stacking a second growth hormone secretagogue on the assumption that more receptors means more benefit, without checking fasting glucose. The metabolic cost of that combination has not been characterised for this peptide.
Deep research
What the literature actually shows
Mechanism
Growth hormone leaves the pituitary in pulses, and growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH) is the signal that sets how large each pulse is. Native GHRH is useless as a drug on its own because it is destroyed almost immediately in circulation. A 1989 study in the Journal of Clinical Investigation worked out exactly how: dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP-IV) clips the peptide between the second and third amino acids, converting it to an inactive fragment, with a trypsin-like enzyme doing secondary damage further along the chain. The majority of GHRH-like material actually circulating in human plasma co-eluted with that inactive cleaved product.
Every engineered GHRH analogue since has been an answer to that finding. Replacing the second amino acid with a D-form alanine, which DPP-IV cannot cut, is the central modification, and the peptide sold as CJC-1295 without DAC carries it along with three further substitutions — hence the literature name tetrasubstituted GRF(1-29). Jetté and colleagues reported in Endocrinology in 2005 that this class of modified hGRF(1-29) analogues resisted DPP-IV degradation while remaining active at the GRF receptor and triggering acute growth hormone release in rats.
The confusing part is the name. That same 2005 paper defined CJC-1295 as the tetrasubstituted peptide carrying a maleimido group that forms a covalent bond with the free thiol on Cys34 of serum albumin — the drug affinity complex, or DAC. Bound to albumin, the molecule stayed detectable in plasma beyond 72 hours and produced a fourfold larger growth hormone response than the starting compound. In healthy adults, that DAC-bearing version had an estimated half-life of 5.8 to 8.1 days and raised growth hormone 2- to 10-fold for six days or more (Teichman et al., 2006). Remove the DAC and you remove all of that. What is sold as CJC-1295 without DAC is the peptide backbone before the albumin hook was attached, and it behaves like a short-acting GHRH analogue: one pulse, over in hours.
The case for preferring the short-acting form is a physiological argument rather than an experimental result. Growth hormone normally arrives in discrete bursts, and constant stimulation of a receptor is the usual route to desensitisation, so a pulse that ends is theoretically closer to how the system is meant to run. It is worth noting that the one human study that actually tested this concern found no such problem with the long-acting form: after CJC-1295 injection, trough growth hormone rose 7.5-fold and mean growth hormone and IGF-1 rose about 46 and 45 percent, while the frequency and magnitude of secretory pulses were unchanged. The pulsatility that the DAC-free version is marketed to preserve was not, in that study, lost by the DAC version in the first place.
Strength of evidence
Key studies
- Animal study2005EndocrinologyHuman growth hormone-releasing factor (hGRF)1-29-albumin bioconjugates activate the GRF receptor on the anterior pituitary in rats: identification of CJC-1295 as a long-lasting GRF analog
Three maleimido derivatives of hGRF(1-29) were synthesised and conjugated to human serum albumin. All resisted dipeptidyl peptidase IV degradation and remained active in growth hormone secretion assays, and all triggered acute growth hormone release when injected subcutaneously into rats. The tetrasubstituted compound, named CJC-1295, produced a fourfold larger growth hormone area under the curve than the parent and remained detectable in plasma beyond 72 hours. This is the paper that defines the molecule; the DAC-free peptide sold under the name is its unconjugated backbone.
- In vitro1989The Journal of Clinical InvestigationDipeptidylpeptidase IV and trypsin-like enzymatic degradation of human growth hormone-releasing hormone in plasma
Native growth hormone-releasing hormone was rapidly cleaved in plasma at the bond between amino acids 2 and 3, and that cleavage was blocked by a competitive inhibitor of dipeptidyl peptidase IV. A fragment already missing the first two residues was not degraded at that site. The major peak of endogenous GHRH immunoreactivity in human plasma was the inactive cleaved product. This is the enzymatic problem that the position-2 substitution in modified GRF(1-29) exists to solve.
- Randomised controlled trial1997The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolismn = 19Endocrine and metabolic effects of long-term administration of [Nle27]growth hormone-releasing hormone-(1-29)-NH2 in age-advanced men and women
A single-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled study in 10 women and 9 men aged 55 to 71: four weeks of saline followed by 16 weeks of a substituted GHRH(1-29) analogue at 10 micrograms per kilogram nightly. Each injection produced growth hormone release beginning within 10 minutes and lasting about two hours. Nocturnal growth hormone rose in both sexes, IGF-1 and IGFBP-3 rose within two weeks, skin thickness increased in both sexes, and lean body mass, insulin sensitivity, general well-being and libido improved in men only. The sole adverse effect was transient hyperlipidaemia, which resolved. This is the closest published human analogue to how the DAC-free peptide is actually used, but it is not the same molecule.
- Randomised controlled trial2006The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and MetabolismProlonged stimulation of growth hormone (GH) and insulin-like growth factor I secretion by CJC-1295, a long-acting analog of GH-releasing hormone, in healthy adults
Randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled ascending-dose trials in healthy adults aged 21 to 61. A single subcutaneous injection raised mean plasma growth hormone 2- to 10-fold for six days or more and IGF-1 1.5- to 3-fold for nine to eleven days, with an estimated half-life of 5.8 to 8.1 days. No serious adverse reactions were reported. Every one of those numbers belongs to the DAC-bearing version, not to the peptide sold as CJC-1295 without DAC.
- Human trial2006The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and MetabolismPulsatile secretion of growth hormone (GH) persists during continuous stimulation by CJC-1295, a long-acting GH-releasing hormone analog
Growth hormone pulsatility was measured in healthy men before and after a CJC-1295 injection. Basal growth hormone rose 7.5-fold and mean growth hormone and IGF-1 rose roughly 46 and 45 percent, while the frequency and magnitude of secretory pulses were unaltered. This is the study most often cited against the DAC form, and it reports the opposite of the desensitisation the DAC-free version is marketed to avoid.
- Review2026Frontiers in EndocrinologyThe emerging landscape of performance-enhancing peptides modulating GH-IGF1 axis: bridging the gap between clinical evidence and patient self-administration
A review of unregulated peptides sold as research compounds that act on the growth hormone and IGF-1 axis, naming CJC-1295 without DAC explicitly alongside sermorelin, tesamorelin and the CJC-1295 DAC form. Reported adverse effects across the class span endocrine and metabolic disturbance including prolactin and cortisol elevation, appetite change and dysglycaemia, fluid retention syndromes, myalgia and arthralgia, and injection-site reactions.
- Observational (human)2016Substance Use & MisuseNetnography of Female Use of the Synthetic Growth Hormone CJC-1295: Pulses and Potions
Analysis of 23 discussion threads from nine bodybuilding websites describing women's self-administration of CJC-1295. Stated motivations were fat loss, muscle gain, skin rejuvenation, sleep and faster healing; users were described as experienced in combining multiple performance and image-enhancing compounds. Concerns raised in the threads centred on sex differences in growth hormone pulsatility making dose and cycle estimation guesswork, and on unknown long-term consequences. This documents how the compound is used, not whether it works.
Safety data
There is no published safety data on this peptide as sold. That sentence is the most important one in this section, and nothing that follows should be read as a substitute for it. What exists is safety data on close relatives. In the 16-week nightly trial of a substituted GHRH(1-29) analogue in adults aged 55 to 71, the only adverse effect recorded was transient hyperlipidaemia that resolved before the study ended (Khorram et al., 1997). In the randomised dose-ranging work on the DAC-bearing CJC-1295, no serious adverse reactions were reported and injection site reactions were the main complaint (Teichman et al., 2006).
Against that, the US Food and Drug Administration's record on bulk drug substances for compounding states that compounded drugs containing CJC-1295 may pose a risk for immunogenicity for certain routes of administration and may have complexities regarding peptide-related impurities and characterisation of the active ingredient, that the agency has identified serious adverse events associated with CJC-1295 including increased heart rate and systemic vasodilatory reaction, and that available clinical data are limited. The 2026 Frontiers in Endocrinology review of this peptide class lists dysglycaemia, prolactin and cortisol elevation, fluid retention syndromes, myalgia and arthralgia, and injection-site reactions among reported effects.
The structural concerns are the ones that apply to anything that raises growth hormone and IGF-1 for months: reduced insulin sensitivity, fluid retention, joint pain and carpal tunnel symptoms, and the fact that IGF-1 is a mitogenic signal, which is why an active or prior cancer is a reason to stay away. None of that has been measured over a 12 to 16 week cycle of this peptide, and repeated cycles have never been studied in anyone. Separately, the material sold under this name is not pharmaceutical grade. Purity, actual peptide content, correct sequence and sterility are unverified in research-chemical vials, and a 2010 report in Drug Testing and Analysis was titled for exactly that problem: the identification of CJC-1295 in an unknown pharmaceutical preparation. That is a risk with nothing to do with the pharmacology.
Regulatory status
- FDA
- As of 2026-09-19 the peptide is not approved by the US Food and Drug Administration for any indication; CJC-1295 appears on the FDA's page of bulk drug substances that may present significant safety risks in the nominated-but-withdrawn section, annotated with immunogenicity and peptide-impurity concerns, identified serious adverse events including increased heart rate and systemic vasodilatory reaction, and a note that available clinical data are limited.
- WADA
- As of 2026-09-19 it is prohibited at all times in sport: the 2026 World Anti-Doping Agency Prohibited List names growth hormone-releasing hormone and its analogues at S2.2.4, growth hormone releasing factors, with CJC-1295 given as one of the examples alongside CJC-1293, sermorelin and tesamorelin, and validated assays for detecting GHRH analogues in urine and plasma are published in the anti-doping literature.
- Source
- https://www.fda.gov/drugs/human-drug-compounding/certain-bulk-drug-substances-use-compounding-may-present-significant-safety-risks
Open questions
- What is the actual half-life and growth hormone response of the DAC-free tetrasubstituted GRF(1-29) in humans? The widely repeated 30-minute figure does not come from any published human study located here.
- Does a short pulse that ends actually beat sustained stimulation? The one human pulsatility study found the long-acting form did not flatten pulse frequency or amplitude, which undercuts the central argument for removing the DAC.
- Does anything measurable happen to body composition at the doses on the cheatsheet? No trial of this peptide has reported fat mass, lean mass or strength.
- What happens to fasting glucose, insulin sensitivity and HbA1c across a full 12 to 16 week cycle, and across repeated cycles? The class-level evidence points in both directions.
- How much of what is sold as CJC-1295 without DAC is the intended tetrasubstituted sequence at the stated quantity? No independent purity survey of grey-market vials of this peptide was located.